Bred for centuries as a pampered companion, the Shih Tzu is a sturdy, outgoing little lapdog with a flowing coat and a big personality. They ask for little more than company and a good brush — but that gorgeous coat and flat face bring a few care commitments worth understanding first. Here's an honest, practical guide to the Shih Tzu's temperament, common health problems, and day-to-day care.
Shih Tzu at a glance
- Size: Small — 9–16 lb (4–7 kg), about 8–11 inches tall
- Lifespan: 10–16 years
- Energy: Low to moderate — short walks and play, happy indoors
- Grooming: High — long double coat needs daily brushing or a short "puppy cut"
- Good for: Apartments, families with kids, first-time owners, seniors
Temperament: what Shih Tzus are really like
The Shih Tzu was never bred to work — its whole job is to be a companion, and it excels at it. They're affectionate, friendly and surprisingly sturdy for their size, usually good-natured with children and other pets. They love being the centre of attention and will happily follow you around the house, then curl up in your lap. They're alert little watchdogs but not typically anxious or high-strung. Positive, patient training suits them best — they can be a touch stubborn about housetraining, so consistency pays off. If you love the gentle, companion-focused temperament, you'll find the same appeal in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, another dedicated lapdog.
Common Shih Tzu health problems
Eyes
Big, prominent eyes set in a flat face make the Shih Tzu prone to corneal ulcers, dry eye, cherry eye and even proptosis after trauma. Keep the hair trimmed away from the eyes, wipe tear staining gently, and treat any squinting, redness or discharge as a reason to see the vet quickly.
Breathing and heat sensitivity
As a brachycephalic (flat-faced) breed, some Shih Tzus snore and can overheat in warm weather (learn the signs of dangerous panting). Keep walks short in the heat, provide shade and water, and consider a cooling mat in summer. Walking on a harness rather than a collar also avoids pressure on the throat.
Dental disease
A small mouth with crowded teeth means Shih Tzus are especially prone to plaque, tartar and gum disease. Regular tooth brushing, dental chews and professional cleanings protect both their mouth and overall health.
Ears
Hairy, low-set ears trap moisture and wax, so ear infections are common. Check and clean the ears regularly as part of grooming.
Joints, spine and kidneys
The breed can be affected by patellar luxation (slipping kneecaps), hip dysplasia and intervertebral disc disease, so discourage big jumps and keep weight in check. Shih Tzus are also predisposed to a hereditary kidney condition (renal dysplasia), which your vet can screen for.
Caring for a Shih Tzu
Exercise
A couple of short daily walks plus indoor play keeps a Shih Tzu happy and fit. Avoid strenuous activity in heat given the flat face.
Diet
Keeping a Shih Tzu lean protects the joints, spine and heart. Measure meals, limit treats, and ask your vet about the right food and portions for their small frame.
Grooming
This is the big one. The long double coat mats fast and needs daily brushing to stay comfortable — a quality grooming kit makes it manageable. Many owners opt for a short "puppy cut" to reduce the workload. Either way, plan for regular eye-area cleaning, ear checks, nail trims and professional grooming.
Set your Shih Tzu up for a healthy life with the basics: a full grooming kit for that demanding coat, a dental care set for their crowded little mouth, and a comfy harness for gentle walks.
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Download the MyFurtopia AppFrequently asked questions
Are Shih Tzus good pets?
For many people, yes — they're loving, sturdy and great in apartments and with kids. Just be ready for the daily coat care and keep an eye on their eyes, teeth and breathing.
How long do Shih Tzus live?
Usually 10–16 years. Staying lean, on top of dental and eye care, and current on vet visits helps them live long, healthy lives.
How much grooming does a Shih Tzu need?
A lot. The long coat mats easily and needs daily brushing, or you can keep it in a short "puppy cut." Either way, plan for regular brushing, eye-area cleaning and professional trims.
This guide is educational and not a substitute for professional veterinary care. Always consult your vet about your individual dog.